The process of refining used oils is explained in this article. To think about this, when you take your car for an oil change and you pay for the oil change, the main income and profit of the shop owner is the burnt or used oil that comes out of the car engine.
slow Secondary refineries buy and collect used oils from oil change shops and sources. These oils can be completely black and contain water, heavy materials, metals, and other waste materials that are absorbed into the car engine. It is oil, these oils are refined in two stages:
In the first distillation, the water extraction stage takes place. In large furnaces, at a temperature between 250 and 300 degrees Celsius, the oil is heated and the water turns into steam, and of course, other substances whose evaporation temperature is also low are separated from the oil phase, such as diesel and gasoline in the oil.
which are mixed with engine oil in the car engine. After this stage, the hot oil is sent to (acidification stage). The purification method is using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in acidizing tanks with a certain percentage (about 15% by weight) added to the oil and with vigorous stirring, this acid affects the oil. After a certain period of time (about 24 hours) when all the waste in the oil becomes colloid under the influence of sulfuric acid and settles.
After this stage, the oil is directed to a tank where color remover soil is added to remove the dark color of the oil, and while the oil is stirred and mixed, color remover soil, which is a silicate compound, is added. (about 15% by weight) After this stage, the oil enters the second stage of distillation at a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius and of course under vacuum.
Liquid or caustic soda is used to adjust the pH resulting from the addition of acid.In this stage, light oils (base oil 10) and heavy oils (base oil 30) along with diesel and lighter gases are distilled from different points of the outlet of the distillation tanks.
This filtration is done using special cloths (filter cloths), and these cloths separate dirt along with the oil, and the output of the filters is clear and golden colored oil, which is used as a base oil for making all kinds of engine oil.
to be Transfer this base oil to the corresponding storage tank to be used after cooling.If this process is done well and with complete accuracy, the oil obtained from this purification is not different from the oil obtained from petroleum cutting.
Environmental effects of oil waste
Engine oils never go away. It just gets dirty, and they can be refined into new lubricating oil in an endless loop. Oil in any form is potentially harmful to the environment.
In an aquatic community, residual oil tends to settle on the bottom of the substrate and on any living organisms, and when spilled on land, oil can move quickly through the soil. In both cases, bacteria, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates experience physiological stress.
One pot of oil can produce an oil slick that covers an acre (roughly the size of a football field).
35 parts per million (ppm) can cause visible oil stains in water and harm aquatic life.
50 ppm per minute can destroy water treatment plants and damage equipment
Oil in landfills can seep into groundwater, affecting the smell and taste of the water
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